I-WiFi 6, inkathi ye-5G ku-WiFi

WiFi 6, inkathi ye-5G ku-WiFi Ukubaluleka okukhulu kobuchwepheshe be-WiFi 6, ngicabanga ukuthi lo mbhalo ongezansi ungase ube ukufanekisa okufanele kakhulu.Yiziphi izici ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-5G?"I-Ultra-high bandwidth, i-ultra-low latency kanye ne-ultra-large umthamo" - lokhu kufanele kujwayele wonke umuntu, yiqiniso, kukhona ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi okuphephile, ukusika kwenethiwekhi (NBIoT, eMTC, eMMB) umsebenzi ukuze kuzuzwe i-spectrum yenethiwekhi eyanele kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhawulokudonsa, lezi zici zenza i-5G ihluke ngokuphelele ku-4G isizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, yingakho "i-4G ishintsha ukuphila, i-5G ishintsha umphakathi".Ake sibheke i-WiFi 6. Kungase kube nokuthuthuka okuningi, futhi lolu chungechunge lwezinhlamvu kancane kancane lube ngu-IEE802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax, lulandelwe ngu-ay.Ngomhla zi-4 kuMfumfu, 2018, i-WiFi Alliance ingase futhi ibe nomuzwa wokuthi lokhu kuqamba akuhambisani nokuhlonzwa komthengi, ngakho kushintshele endleleni yokuqamba ethi “WiFi + inombolo”: IEEE802.11n ye-WiFi 4, IEEE802.11ac ye-WiFi 5 , kanye ne-IEEE802.11ax ye-WiFi 6. Inzuzo yokushintsha igama, vele, ukuthi ukuqonda kulula, inani elikhulu, ubuchwepheshe busha, kanye nenethiwekhi esheshayo.Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe i-bandwidth yethiyori yobuchwepheshe be-WiFi 5 ingafinyelela ku-1732Mbps (ngaphansi komkhawulokudonsa ongu-160MHz) (umkhawulokudonsa ovamile we-80MHz ngu-866Mbps, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa amabhendi amabili angu-2.4GHz/5GHz, ingafinyelela ngqo isivinini sokufinyelela ku-Gbps), okuyisilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu. ephakeme kunejubane lokufinyelela i-inthanethi le-broadband yethu evamile yasekhaya engu-50 500Mbps, ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke sisathola ukuthi kuvame ukuba nezimo “zenethiwekhi mbumbulu”, okungukuthi, isignali ye-WiFi igcwele.Ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi kushesha njengokungathi i-inthanethi inqanyuliwe.Lesi simo singase sibe ngcono ekhaya, kodwa maningi amathuba okuthi senzeke ezindaweni zomphakathi njengasemahhovisi, ezinxanxatheleni zezitolo nasezindaweni zomhlangano.Le nkinga ihlobene nobuchwepheshe bokudlulisa i-WiFi ngaphambi kwe-WiFi 6: i-WiFi yangaphambilini eyayisetshenziswa i-OFDM - ubuchwepheshe be-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, obungakwazi ukusekela kahle ukufinyelela kwabasebenzisi abaningi, njenge-MU-MIMO, okokufaka kwabasebenzisi abaningi kanye nokukhipha okuningi. , kodwa ngaphansi kwezinga le-WiFi 5, abasebenzisi abangafika kwabane bangasekelwa ekuxhumekeni kwe-MU-MIMO.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-OFDM ekudluliseni, lapho kunesidingo esikhulu sohlelo lokusebenza lomkhawulokudonsa phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaxhunyiwe, kuzoletha ingcindezi enkulu kuyo yonke inethiwekhi engenazintambo, ngoba lesi sidingo esikhulu somthwalo womsebenzisi oyedwa asigcini nje ngokuthatha umkhawulokudonsa. , kodwa futhi ithatha kakhulu impendulo evamile yendawo yokufinyelela ezidingweni zenethiwekhi zabanye abasebenzisi, ngoba isiteshi sendawo yonke yokufinyelela sizosabela esidingweni, okuholela esenzweni "sokuxhumana okungamanga".Isibonelo, ekhaya, uma othile elanda ukuduma kwezulu, khona-ke imidlalo eku-inthanethi izozizwa ngokusobala ukwanda kokubambezeleka, ngisho noma isivinini sokulanda singafinyeleli emkhawulweni ophezulu wokufinyelela kwe-broadband ekhaya, okuyizinga elikhulu.

Ukubuka konke kwesimo samanje sobuchwepheshe ku-WIFI 6

Kusukela yasungulwa, inani lesicelo sayo kanye nenani lezentengiselwano liye laqashelwa kabanzi yimboni, futhi selisetshenziswe cishe kuwo wonke amadivaysi eselula nasezindaweni eziningi zasendlini.Njengoba izinga lokuphila kwabantu liqhubeka nokuba ngcono, ubuchwepheshe be-W i F i buhlala buguquka ukuze bunikeze abasebenzisi ulwazi olungcono lokufinyelela okungenantambo.Eminyakeni engu-2 0 1 9, umndeni wakwa-W i F i wamukele ilungu elisha, kwazalwa ubuchwepheshe be-W i F i 6.

Izici zobuchwepheshe ze-WIFI

1.1 I-Orthogonal Frequency Division Ukufinyelela Okuningi

I-W i F i 6 isebenzisa i-orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) ubuchwepheshe bokufinyelela kusiteshi, obuhlukanisa ishaneli engenantambo ibe inombolo enkulu yamashaneli amancane, futhi idatha ephathwa isiteshi esincane ngasinye ihambisana namadivayisi ahlukene okufinyelela, ngaleyo ndlela andise idatha ngempumelelo. isilinganiso.Uma kusetshenziswa ukuxhumeka kwedivayisi eyodwa, izinga eliphezulu lethiyori le-W i F i 6 liyi-9.6 G bit /s, elingu-4 0 % ngaphezu kwe-W i F i 5. ( W i F i 5 isilinganiso esiphezulu sethiyori 6.9 Gbit/s).Inzuzo yayo enkulu ukuthi izinga eliphakeme lethiyori lingahlukaniswa ngedivayisi ngayinye kunethiwekhi, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuliswe izinga lokufinyelela ledivayisi ngayinye kunethiwekhi.

1.2 Ubuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo eminingi esetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi abaningi

I-W i F i 6 iphinde ihlanganise ubuchwepheshe be-Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU - MIMO).Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela amadivayisi ukuthi aphendule ngesikhathi esisodwa ezindaweni zokufinyelela ezingenantambo eziqukethe izimpondo eziningi, okuvumela izindawo zokufinyelela ukuthi zixhumane ngokushesha namadivayisi amaningi.Ku-W i F i 5, amaphuzu okufinyelela angaxhunywa kumadivayisi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa lawa madivayisi awakwazi ukuphendula ngesikhathi esifanayo. 

1.3 Ubuchwepheshe besikhathi sokuvuka obuqondiwe

Isikhathi sokuvuka esiqondiwe (i-TWT, TARGETWAKETIME) UBUCHWEPHESHE BUBUCHWEPHESHE BOKUHLELA INSIZASI EBALULEKILE KA-W i F i 6, lobu buchwepheshe buvumela amadivaysi ukuthi axoxisane nesikhathi nobude bokuvuka ukuze athumele noma amukele idatha, futhi indawo yokufinyelela engenantambo ingaqoqana. amadivaysi eklayenti abe imijikelezo ehlukene ye-TWT, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa inani lamadivayisi aqhudelana amashaneli angenawaya ngesikhathi esifanayo ngemva kokuvuka.Ubuchwepheshe be-TWT buphinde bukhuphule isikhathi sokulala sedivayisi, okuthuthukisa kakhulu impilo yebhethri futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwetheminali.Ngokwezibalo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-TWT kungasindisa ngaphezu kuka-30% wokusetshenziswa kwamandla esigcinayo, futhi kulungele kakhulu ubuchwepheshe be-W i F i 6 ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kwamatheminali e-IoT azayo. 

1.4 Indlela yokufaka imibala yesethi yesevisi eyisisekelo

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke endaweni eminyene yokuthunyelwa, kuqashelwe ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwezinsiza ze-spectrum, futhi kuxazululwe inkinga yokugxambukela kwamashaneli, i-W i F i 6 yengeza indlela entsha yokudlulisa ama-co-channel esekelwe isizukulwane sangaphambilini sobuchwepheshe, okuyi-basic service set coloring (BSSSC ooooring) indlela.Ngokungeza izinkambu ze-BSSC ze-oooring kunhlokweni ukuze “zingcolise” idatha evela kumasethi esevisi ayisisekelo ahlukene (BS S), umshini unikeza umbala esiteshini ngasinye, futhi umamukeli angakwazi ukubona isignali yokuphazamiseka kwesiteshi esihlanganyelwe kusenesikhathi ngokwe-BSSSCOOORING FIELD OF INHLOKO YEPHAKETHI FUTHI UYEKE UKUYUTHOLAKA, UGWEMELA UKUMOSHA UKUDLULA NOKUTHOLA ISIKHATHI.Ngaphansi kwalo mshini, uma izihloko ezitholiwe zinombala ofanayo, kuthathwa njengesignali ephazamisayo ngaphakathi kwe-'BSS efanayo, futhi ukudlulisela kuzobambezeleka;Ngokuphambene, kubhekwa ukuthi akukho ukuphazamiseka phakathi kokubili, futhi amasignali amabili angadluliselwa esiteshini esifanayo kanye nemvamisa.

2 Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile zobuchwepheshe be-WiFi 6 

2.1 Umthwali wesevisi yevidiyo ye-broadband enkulu

Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezimfuneko zabantu zokwenziwa kwevidiyo, i-bitrate yamasevisi evidiyo ahlukahlukene nayo iyakhula, isuka ku-SD iye ku-HD, isuka ku-4K iye ku-8K, futhi ekugcineni iye kuvidiyo yamanje ye-VR.Kodwa-ke, ngalokhu, izidingo zomkhawulokudonsa wokudlulisa ziye zanda, futhi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokudlulisa ividiyo ebanzi kakhulu kube inselele enkulu ezinsizeni zevidiyo.Amabhendi angu-2.4GH z nawe-5G H z ahlala ndawonye, ​​futhi ibhendi ye-5G H z isekela umkhawulokudonsa ongu-160M ​​H z ngamanani afika ku-9.6 G bit/s.Ibhendi ye-5G H z inokuphazamiseka okuncane futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ukudlulisa amasevisi evidiyo. 

2.2 Abaphathi besevisi ababambezeleke kancane njengemidlalo ye-inthanethi

Amasevisi egeyimu aku-inthanethi angamasevisi asebenzisanayo kakhulu futhi anezidingo eziphakeme zomkhawulokudonsa nokubambezeleka.Ikakhulukazi emidlalweni ye-VR esafufusa, indlela engcono kakhulu yokufinyelela kuyo i-W i F i engenantambo.Ubuchwepheshe bokusika iziteshi ze-OFDMA be-W i F i 6 bunganikeza isiteshi esizinikele semidlalo, sinciphise ukubambezeleka, futhi sihlangabezane nezimfuneko zamasevisi egeyimu, ikakhulukazi amasevisi egeyimu ye-VR, ngekhwalithi yokudlulisela ukubambezeleka ephansi. 

2.3 Ukuxhumana okuhlakaniphile kwekhaya

Ukuxhumana okuhlakaniphile kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezimo zebhizinisi lasekhaya elihlakaniphile njengekhaya elihlakaniphile nokuphepha okuhlakaniphile.Ubuchwepheshe bamanje bokuxhuma ekhaya bunemikhawulo ehlukene, futhi ubuchwepheshe be-W i F i 6 buzoletha amathuba okuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe ekuxhumekeni kwekhaya okuhlakaniphile.Ilungiselela ukuhlanganiswa kokuminyana okuphezulu, inombolo enkulu yokufinyelela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi nezinye izici, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ingahambisana namatheminali eselula ahlukahlukene avame ukusetshenziswa abasebenzisi, anikeze ukusebenzisana okuhle. 

Njengobuchwepheshe obusafufusa be-LAN obungenawaya eminyakeni yamuva, ubuchwepheshe be-WiFi6 buthandwa abantu ngesivinini sabo esikhulu, umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, futhi bungasetshenziswa kabanzi kuvidiyo, imidlalo, ikhaya elihlakaniphile nezinye izimo zebhizinisi, ukuhlinzeka okwengeziwe. lula ezimpilweni zabantu.